Learn About the Different Types of HVAC Air Filters

Getting an effective air filter for the HVAC system becomes necessary to keep the indoor air pollutant-free and healthy to breathe.

HVAC air filters perform the critical job of trapping dust, dirt, pet dander, pollen, and other tiny hazardous particles to prevent them from recirculating in the home and maintain a clean and healthy indoor environment. They also protect the system components from damage by filtering out large debris and particles.

As indoor air quality is emerging as a primary concern for homeowners across the United States, getting an effective air filter for the HVAC system becomes necessary to keep the indoor air pollutant-free and healthy to breathe. But with various types of air filters, choosing the right one can seem challenging. Here is a simple overview of the different types of HVAC filters to help in decision-making:

Fiberglass filters

Fiberglass air filters are the least expensive, widely available, and are one of the most commonly used air filters. A fiberglass filter is disposable and made by spinning strands of fiberglass together. They are highly effective in keeping larger particles from entering the system. However, fiberglass filters have a low MERV rating (around 1-4) and are ineffective in filtering dust and other smaller pollutants. It does not do much to improve indoor air quality and is not a good option if a family member suffers from respiratory issues.

Pleated filters

Pleated filters cost a little more than fiberglass filters and are better at filtering out smaller particles like mold spores, pet dander, and pollen. They consist of cotton or polyester, and filters with more pleats offer better filtration. Pleated filters have a MERV rating between 5 and 13 and will last three months before needing replacement.

Washable or reusable filters

Washable filters are a sustainable air filter choice as they reduce the waste in landfills. While the upfront cost of these filters is high, they pay for themselves over time. These filters can be washed and reused multiple times. Washable filters require proper maintenance and can harbor mold or mildew when not dried properly before installation. But they come with a low MERV rating (1-4) and are unsuitable for people suffering from asthma or allergies.

Electrostatic filters

Electrostatic filters are affordable and come in both disposable and washable options. These filters use static electricity to attract dust and airborne pollutants. Electrostatic filters are suitable for people with allergies as they effectively eliminate various allergens.

HEPA filters

HEPA or High-efficiency particulate air filters with a MERV rating of over 16 can filter 99.97% of airborne particles, even the smallest microns. These filters provide the highest level of filtration and are the most suitable for people with allergies and respiratory issues. HEPA filters are expensive and may require modification in the HVAC system. Although expensive, they last longer and prove more cost-effective than other air filters.

When cleaned or replaced regularly, air filters ensure better indoor air quality and improve the system’s efficiency, performance, and lifespan.

Choose the best air filter

When choosing an air filter, consider budget, vents size, system specifications, and the desired filtration level. Contact a local HVAC contractor for more information or assistance in choosing the right HVAC filter.

CMB Air is a residential heating and cooling installation, service, and repair company with 15+ years of experience serving Tampa and surrounding areas. If you need a new air conditioner, repair, maintenance or some other service, we can help! Call (813) 447-1443 today!