How to Decipher HVAC Filter Information
While most HVAC units can work fine with standard size filters, an HVAC professional can assist in selecting the right air filter size and type.
Air filters are crucial in the performance of the HVAC system and indoor comfort. Selecting the right filter is essential. It makes a significant difference to the energy consumption, utility bills, indoor air quality, and the unit's functioning. Air filters come in various types, sizes, and efficiency ratings, making it challenging to find the perfect filter for the home.
Let's explore some valuable information about HVAC air filters to help select the right one that meets the home's filtration requirements.
Air filters
HVAC filters consist of spun fiberglass, pleated paper, or cloth enclosed in a cardboard frame. Air filters are located in the return air duct or blower compartment before the air handler.
An air filter's primary job is to capture different particulates and contaminants like pollen, dirt, dust, pet dander, bacteria, lint, fibers, and plastic, wood, or metal particles present in the air circulating through the heating and cooling system. When the air passes through the filter, it removes these hazardous pollutants, so the air circulating in the home is fresh and pollutant-free.
Filter size
Air filter sizes can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. The best way to select a correctly sized filter is to check the product manual, which mentions the required filter size specifications. While most HVAC units can work fine with standard size filters, an HVAC professional can assist in selecting the right air filter size and type.
HVAC air filter ratings
HVAC filters come with different MERV (minimum efficiency reporting value) ratings. Filters with higher MERV ratings work better at trapping even smaller particles, bacteria, and viruses. Every HVAC unit has a maximum MERV rating they can support, and homeowners cannot choose filters with the highest MERV rating without knowing if the system is compatible with it or not. MERV ratings typically range from 1 to 16 as follows:
MERV Rating 1-4
These are low-cost filters made of spun fiberglass. They are ineffective in improving air quality but can filter out large particles and debris from the HVAC system.
MERV Rating 5-8
These filters use cloth or pleated paper and offer improved filtration. Filters with a 5-8 MERV rating can trap 95% of particles as small as 3.0 microns. They are the most commonly used residential filters.
MERV Rating 9-12
These filters can trap particles that are 1 micron in size or larger. They are higher-efficiency filters and offer superior protection when used in residential settings.
MERV Rating 13-16
They are the best filters in the market and have the highest efficiency. They can trap particles sized 0.3 microns or larger. These high-end filters are best for a professional setting.
Filters with MERV ratings up to 20 are also available, but a residential HVAC system cannot handle them.
Importance of HVAC filter maintenance
Air filters may get dirty and clogged over time. Regular HVAC filter cleaning and maintenance are essential to ensure proper system functioning. Check the air filter every 15 days or a month. Regular filter maintenance will:
Prevent system malfunctioning and damage
Maintain good airflow
Promote more efficient operation and maintain good indoor air quality
Prevent accumulation in the ductwork
Lower energy consumption and monthly utility bills
Contact an HVAC contractor for more information on HVAC filters.
CMB Air is a residential heating and cooling installation, service, and repair company with 15+ years of experience serving Tampa and surrounding areas. If you need a new air conditioner, repair, maintenance or some other service, we can help! Call 813-461-6243 today!
